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Deep focus is a photographic and cinematographic technique using a large depth of field. Depth of field is the front-to-back range of focus in an image — that is, how much of it appears sharp and clear. Consequently, in deep focus the foreground, middle-ground and background are all in focus. This can be achieved through use of the hyperfocal distance of the camera lens. Deep focus is achieved with large amounts of light and small aperture. It is also possible to achieve the illusion of deep focus with optical tricks (split focus diopter) or by compositing two pictures together. It is the aperture of a camera lens that determines the depth of field. Wide angle lenses also make a larger portion of the image appear sharp. The aperture of a camera determines how much light enters through the lens, so achieving deep focus requires a bright scene or long exposure. Aperture is measured in f-stops (T-stops on lenses for motion picture cameras are f-stops adjusted for the lenses' light transmission, and cannot be used directly for depth of focus determination) with a higher value indicating a smaller aperture. The opposite of deep focus is shallow focus, in which only one plane of the image is in focus. In the cinema Orson Welles and his cinematographer Gregg Toland were most responsible for popularizing deep focus. == Deep focus and deep space == When deep focus is used, filmmakers often combine it with deep ''space'' (also called deep staging). Deep space is a part of mise-en-scene, placing significant actors and props in different planes of the picture. Directors and cinematographers often use deep space ''without'' using deep focus, being either an artistic choice or because they don't have resources to create a deep focus look, or both. Directors may use deep focus in only some scenes or even just some shots. Other auteurs choose to use it consistently throughout the movie, either as a stylistic choice or because they believe it represents reality better. Directors like Stanley Kubrick, Kenji Mizoguchi, Orson Welles and Jean Renoir all used deep focus as part of their signature style. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Deep focus」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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